Munda Self Governance

• Pandey — Clerk– keeps docs + papers
• Purohit– Pujari
• Ghatwar– keeper of all money received in penalty + punishments.

• 1st Stage– complains to Munda.. then 2-3 village’s Munda.
• 2nd Stage– decided by Parha raja in Parha Sabha
• 3rd State– decided by 22 Parha raja

Place of meeting happens in Akhra.

• Chief of Nagbanshi= king
• Chief of Army= Senapati
• Zamindar , Jagirdar, Brahman, Rajguru, Purohit

Capital- Sutiambe–> Ranchi..
shifted to Khukra, Doisa, Palkot

Revenue administration

• Diwan
• Patwari– land records + revenue collection
• Amin– measure lands

Zamindar+ Jagirdars used to collect their own land revenue.

Land grants

Followed patterns of Muslim administration.. Appointed–>

Gave Jagirs to–>

• Baraiks, rajputs, raityus–> Fixed rent
• Brahmans in Dokras + Doisa –> Rent free

Durjan Sal, RAghunath Sah tried to adapt Mughal administration but didnt adapt Faujidari system.. instead traditional Panchayat system.

Allowed Parha system –> each had their own flag.
Head of Parha= Manki
Phani Mukut raja was 1st Manki.
Parha= administration block
later–>
Parha–> Patti
Manki –> Bhuinhar

HEAD
Mundas in munda areas+ Mahto in Oraon areas.

Land had community ownership.

Village Council= Hatu Dunub
Village head

• Munda + Ho community–> MUNDA
• Santhal–> MANJHI HADAM
• Kharia–> SOHOR
• Oraon–> Mahto

village level cluster

• Parhas
• Ho– Manki Pir
• Santhal– Pargana
• Kharia– Dhoklo

jharkhand map

jharkhand history